Article 14: Freedom of thought, conscience and religion

Convention text

1. 

The countries that have signed the Convention must respect the child’s right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion.

2.

These countries must also respect the rights and responsibilities of parents or legal guardians to guide the child in exercising this right, in a manner consistent with the child’s development.

3.

Freedom of religion or belief may be subject to restrictions only if these are provided for by law and are necessary to protect public safety, order, health or morals, or the fundamental rights and freedoms of others.

Key point

Children are free to think and believe what they want. Parents guide their children in this, but a child is free to choose their own religion or beliefs.

Explanation

Children learn about religion or belief from their parents or at school – that is, about different ways of understanding how to live. Religion or belief is often part of upbringing. Parents may encourage their children to have a religion or belief, but they may not force or oblige them to do so. The government may not do so either.

Children may go to a church, mosque or temple even if their parents do not. They may also decide not to believe, even if their parents do. Children must also have access to good information about different religions and beliefs. This enables them, if they wish, to make their own choice about which religion or belief suits them best. The rules of a religion must never be harmful to children.